相关链接：《保险研究》2012年第6期目录及摘要
我国寿险产品竞争力的现状及对策
陈文辉
（中国保险监督管理委员会，北京 100033）
【摘要】近年来，我国寿险业发展突飞猛进，但同时也遇到了一些问题，较为突出的是寿险产品竞争力不足，主要表现为风险保障不足、客户回报不高。提高产品竞争力需要深刻反思现存问题，从多方面着手予以解决，一是要结合行业实际，确立科学的导向性的产品发展战略；二是要加强市场培育，培养良好的保险消费习惯；三是要加大保险各领域的创新，通过创新全方位提高产品和行业的竞争力。
【关键字】寿险产品；竞争力；产品战略；消费习惯；创新
The Competitiveness of Life Insurance Products and Countermeasures
Chen Wen-hui
（China Insurance Regulatory Commission，Beijing 100033）
Abstract：China′s life insurance industry has witnessed exponential development in recent years.However，it has also encountered some difficulties such as the lack of competitiveness of life insurance products due to the low level of protection against risks and customer returns.To enhance product competitiveness，we should look into existing problems and try to solve these problems from multiple perspectives.Firstly，we should establish a scientificallyoriented product development strategy based on careful consideration of the current situation.Secondly，we should strengthen market cultivation for creating healthy life insurance consumption behaviors.Thirdly，we should step up on innovation in various fields of the industry in order to enhance the competitiveness of the life insurance products and the industry.
Key words：life insurance products；competitiveness；product strategy；consumption habits； innovation
陈文辉在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
中国长期护理保险市场潜力研究
魏华林 何玉东
（武汉大学经济与管理学院，湖北 武汉 430072）
【摘要】随着人口老龄化形势的日益严峻，我国社会保障体系亟待建立长期护理保障项目。目前，国内文献缺乏对于长期护理保险需求供给市场潜力的基础性研究。为此，本文对于我国长期护理保险需求供给市场潜力问题进行了系统性的阐述。首先，通过人口模型产生未来人口年龄变动数据，并结合长期风险发生率和费用支付标准假设对我国长期护理保险动态需求进行测算；其次，基于长期护理社会保障系数和产品精算模型，对我国长期护理公共财政转移支付能力和个人筹资能力进行测算。研究结果显示：我国长期护理费用支出给全社会带来的经济负担日趋严重，在不考虑制度运行成本的前提下，建立长期护理保险模式分散风险在筹资机制上具有可行性。
【关键字】护理保险；保险供给；保险需求；市场潜力
Research on the Market Potential of China′s LongTerm Care Insurance from the Demandsupply Perspective
Wei Hua-lin，He Yu-dong
(Economics and Management School of Wuhan University，Wuhan Hubei 430072)
Abstract：With China′s population aging fast，the urgency for establishing longterm care insurance project in our national social security system is also rising.At present，domestic literatures lack basic research on the demandsupply market potential for longterm care insurance.This paper elaborated systematically the demandsupply market potential of China′s longterm care insurance.Firstly，this paper used the population model to generate future population age variable data，and forecasted China′s longterm care insurance dynamic demand with the longterm risk incidence and payment standard assumptions; secondly，this paper measured and calculated our longterm care public finance transfer payment ability and personal financing capacity based on longterm care social security coefficient and product actuarial model.The results showed that longterm care expenditures would result in increasingly serious social economic burden，and the establishment of longterm care insurance mode to disperse risks in the funding mechanism was feasible taking no account of the system′s operation cost.
Key words：care insurance；insurance supply；insurance demand；market potential
魏华林在《保险研究》上发表过的其他文章：
2006~2009：我国中资与外(合)资保险公司经营效率的比较研究
旱灾风险的特征及其防范研究——由西南旱灾和冬麦区大旱引发的思考
农民工养老保险基金管理运营创新
——养老保险公司为主体的“3+1”模式
何玉东在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
车险索赔概率影响因素的Logistic模型分析
张连增 孙维伟
（南开大学经济学院风险管理与保险学系，天津 300071）
【摘要】车险市场改革是近几年国内保险业较为关注的热门话题，车辆、驾驶人以及行车环境等因素构成汽车保险定价所依赖的风险系统，因此对汽车保险进行定价和费率改革的基础在于风险分析。本文对Logistic回归模型进行了详细介绍，以国外某保险数据为样本，对车辆发生索赔的影响因素进行分析。在利用SAS软件进行实证分析过程中，发现汽车价值、地区、车型和驾驶员的年龄都会影响索赔发生的概率，并对索赔概率进行了预测。本研【关键字】究对我国现在备受关注的车险费率市场化提供了理论参考，具有很强的实践性和拓展性，可应用于保险公司对客户进行风险评估，减少车辆保险中的“逆向选择”和“道德风险”。 Logistic 模型；车险；索赔发生
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Probability of Auto Insurance Claim Occurrence with Logistic Model
Zhang Lian-zeng， Sun Wei-wei
（Department of Risk Management and Insurance，School of Economics，Nankai University，Tianjin 300071）
Abstract：Auto insurance market reform is a focal issue in recent years in the domestic insurance industry.Since vehicles，drivers，driving environment and other factors constitute the risk system of auto insurance pricing，the auto insurance pricing and ratemaking reform should be based on risk analysis.This paper explained the Logistic regression model in detail.It used foreign insurance data to analyze the factors influencing vehicle insurance claims.In the process of empirical analysis using SAS software，we found that the vehicle value，region，vehicle type and driver′s age all could affect the probability of claim occurrence，and we forecasted the probability of claim occurrence.This study provides a theoretical reference for the marketoriented auto insurance pricing in China.With a strong practicality and expandability，it can be applied to insurance companies for risk assessment and reducing“adverse selection”and“moral hazard”in auto insurance.
Key words：Logistic model；auto insurance；claim occurrence
张连增在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
行驶里程数对车险净保费的影响研究——基于公路里程对交通事故损失的影响视角
中国人口老龄化对人身保险市场发展的影响分析——基于省际面板数据的经验分析
参数Bootstrap方法在全年龄人口死亡模型中的应用
孙佳美 许素英
（南开大学经济学院风险管理与保险学系，天津 300071）
【摘要】在全年龄人口死亡模型中，较为著名的有Heligman及Pollard（1980）[HTK]提出的具有8个参数的死亡率模型，也有Carriere（1992）分析美国人口死亡规律所提出的由四个生存函数：Gompertz分布、逆Gompertz分布、Weibull分布和逆Weibull分布所组成的混合参数生存模型。本文试图将HeligmanPollard模型与Carriere模型应用于中国分年龄、分性别的全年龄人口死亡数据，先借助R软件或Excel软件估计两种参数模型中的参数，然后利用参数Bootstrap方法计算所估参数的标准误、偏度、t统计量、置信区间等，并以此评估模型拟合的精度。最后，针对中国人口分年龄、分性别的死亡数据，提出相应的模型拟合建议。
【关键字】全年龄；Heligman和Pollard模型；Carriere模型；参数Bootstrap方法
The Application of Bootstrap Parameter in All Ages Mortality Models
Sun Jia-mei，Xu Su-ying
（The Risk Management and Insurance Department of the School of Economics of Nankai University，Tianjin 300071）
Abstract：In all ages mortality models，the two better known models are those put forward by Heligman and Pollard (1980) and Carriere (1992).The former is a mortality model of 8 parameters，and the latter is a mixture of the four survival distributions:Gompertz，Inverse Gompertz，Weibull and Inverse Weibull，which are used to model the mortality curve of a population.This article attempted to fit the two all ages mortality models to China′s population death data by gender and by age，first with the help of R software or Excel software to estimate all the parameters of the two parametric models，and then assessing the accuracy of the two models by calculating the parametric Bootstrap estimates of standard error，bias，tstatistic，confidence intervals of all estimated parameters.At last，this article suggested the corresponding model fitting wtih China′s population death data.
Key words：all ages；Heligman and Pollard Model； Carriere Model； Parametric Bootstrap method
孙佳美在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
基于RSCP框架的寿险公司风险与产业组织关系
王汝志
（深圳职业技术学院，广东 深圳 518055）
【摘要】论文基于风险状况（R）—市场结构（S）—公司行为（C）—经济效率（P）的分析框架，通过因子分析计算寿险公司风险，在此基础上进行了寿险公司风险与产业组织关系的实证分析。实证结果表明：风险指数的提升，可以提高寿险公司的市场份额与竞争努力程度，但会降低其经营效率；不同风险特点与规模结构的寿险公司在寿险市场的运行中服从不同的经济规律。
【关键字】寿险公司；风险；产业组织
The Relationship between Risk and Industrial Organization of Life Insurance Industry
——A study based on the RSCP frame
Wang Ru-zhi
（Shenzhen Polytechnic，Shenzhen Guangdong 518055）
Abstract：Based on the analytical framework of R (risk scenario)，S(market structure)，C(corporate behavior)，and P(economic performance)，this paper built a new theory to study the relationship between the risk of life insurance company and the industrial organization of life insurance industry，using the factor analysis method to build the index system of risk of life insurance companies. The exponential analysis showed that with the increase of risk index， the market share and competitive behaviors of the life insurance company would also increase，but it would decrease the operational efficiency of the life insurance company.And life insurance companies with different risk characteristics and business sizes followed different economic rules in their market operation.
Key words：life insurance company；risk； industrial organization
王汝志在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
农民工养老保险基金管理运营创新——养老保险公司为主体的“3+1”模式
中国和美国种植业保险产品的比较研究
周县华1 范庆泉2 周明1 李志刚3
（1中央财经大学中国精算研究院，北京 100081； 2.清华大学经济管理学院，北京 100084； 3.安华数学应用研究所，北京 100037）
【摘要】采用比较研究的方法，分析了中美两国种植业保险产品在保险责任、保障水平、补贴方式、保险单元和政府角色五个方面的差异。表明尽管中国还处在农业保险试点阶段，但其提供的产品无论在保险责任还是保障水平上都远远超过了美国的CAT巨灾保险产品，这与国家“低保障、低保费、广覆盖”的原则相悖，同时也加重了政府财政负担。目前实务中的“平”补贴结构和“双背离”现象，也分别导致了国家补贴效率低下，保险产品价格低估和保险公司违规风险剧增等严重问题。另外，政府在产品研发和管理中的角色定位也不利于农业保险的长期持续稳定发展，中国种植业保险产品和补贴体系改革已经迫在眉睫。
【关键字】种植业保险产品；保险责任；保障水平；补贴方式；保险单元
A Comparative Study on Cases of Crop Insurance Products in China and the U.S.
Zhou Xian-hua1，Fan Qing-quan2，Zhou Ming1，Li Zhi-gang3
（1.China Institute for Actuarial Science of Central University of Finance and Economics，Beijing 100081；2.Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management，Beijing 100084； 3.Anhua Mathematics Application Research Institute，Beijing 100037）
Abstract：This paper analyze the differences of crop insurance products between China and the U.S.in insurance liability，the coverage level，the subsidy form，insurance unit and the role of government.China′s products are far beyond the U.S.CAT catastrophe insurance products in terms of the insurance liability or the coverage level although China is still in the pilot phase of agricultural insurance，which is contrary to the national principle of“Low Protection，Low Premium and Wide Coverage”and also increases the fiscal burden of government.In current practice，the“flat”structure of subsidies and the“double departure”phenomena have also led to government subsidy inefficiency，underestimated prices of insurance products，increased violation risks of insurance companies and other serious problems.In addition，the government′s role in product R & D and management is not conducive to longterm sustainable and stable development of agricultural insurance.The paper conclude that the reform of crop insurance products and the subsidy system was imminent.
Key words：crop insurance products； insurance liability；coverage Level；subsidy Form；insurance unit
周县华在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
农业保险模式可持续性检验与改进的动态模拟
吕晓英1 李先德2
（1.北京农学院经济管理学院，北京102206；2.中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081）
【摘要】我国各地推行的政策性农业保险发展模式的可持续性尚未经受巨灾风险的检验。为此，本文以徐州市为例，构建了“江苏模式”可持续发展的系统动力学模型，在未来可能出现的农业巨灾风险五种类型17种方案的情景假设下，对“江苏模式”的可持续性进行了模拟检验。为改进和完善“江苏模式”，设计了政府以及政府和保险公司巨灾准备金可持续发展的两类新模式6种方案，并对模拟结果与未改进方案进行比较。本项研究开拓了农业保险政策分析的新方法，将为改进和完善我国农业保险发展模式建立和健全农业巨灾风险管理制度，提供依据和思路。
【关键字】政策性农业保险；“江苏模式”；可持续发展；系统动力学
Dynamic Simulation of Sustainable Testing and Improvements of Policyoriented Agricultural Insurance Operation Model
Lv Xiao-ying1，Li Xian-de2
（1.Department of Economics & Management of Beijing University of Agriculture，Beijing 102206；2.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081）
Abstract：The sustainability of agricultural insurance′s operation models in China hasn′t been tested in catastrophes.The paper took Xuzhou city in Jiangsu Province as an example.Based on system dynamic models of sustainable development of agricultural insurance in Jiangsu province，17 scenarios grouped into five types of future agricultural catastrophe risks were assumed to test the sustainability of the model of agricultural insurance in Jiangsu province.In order to improve on the Jiangsu agricultural insurance model，six new plans grouped into two types of models were designed for maintaining the sustainability of the reserves of local government and that of both government & insurance company respectively.The paper compared the simulation results of the current model and new designed ones.The research applied a new method to analyze agricultural insurance，and provided basis and ideas to improve the current operation models and to establish and perfect the management system of catastrophe risks.
Key words：policyoriented agricultural insurance；Jiangsu model of agricultural insurance；sustainable development；system dynamics
吕晓英在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
李先德在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
我国文化产业保险支持的供需分析与对策引导
章金萍 李兵
（浙江金融职业学院，浙江 杭州310018）
【摘要】文化产业已成为我国国民经济的支柱产业，伴随着文化产业的发展和繁荣，保险支持不可或缺。在文化产业发展过程中，保险虽然在政策支持、产品供给和投融资上已发挥了一定的作用，但与文化产业发展需要有效的风险控制和管理、数量众多的承保企业和产品、权威性评估机构相比较，保险支持在供需上仍存在较大矛盾。这既有文化产业自身特殊性及从业者保险意识淡薄等原因，又有第三方鉴定机构缺乏及文化产业保险道德风险较大等因素。因此，扩大文化类保险产品供给与险种创新，建立文化产业保险的规范体系，培育专业化的鉴定机构和队伍，成立专门性的文化产业保险团队或公司，拓展保险企业投资文化产业的渠道是保险支持文化产业发展应考虑的对策。
【关键字】文化产业；保险支持；供需分析；对策
The Insurance Supply and Demand Analysis for the Cultural Industry and Policy Steering
Zhang Jin-ping，Li Bing
（Zhejiang Financial College，Hangzhou Zhejiang，310018）
Abstract：The cultural industry has become a pillar industry of China′s national economy.Along with the development and prosperity of the cultural industry，insurance support is indispensable.In the process of development of the cultural industry，insurance has played a certain role in terms of policy support，product supply and investment and financing.But there is a big gap between supply and demand with the insurance industry falling short of supply of effective risk control and management，and the demands of a large number of insurers underwriting these risks，a great variety of products and authoritative assessment agencies for the cultural industry.The reasons for this situation include the particularity of cultural industry，weak awareness of insurance among practitioners，lack of thirdparty accreditation bodies，and relatively large moral hazard and other factors.Therefore，to strengthen insurance industry′s support on the development of cultural industries，we should boost the supply and innovation of cultural insurance，establish the norms of the cultural industry insurance system，foster professional accreditation bodies，set up specialized cultural industry insurance teams or companies，and expand the channels of the insurance enterprises to invest in cultural industries.
Key words：cultural industry；insurance support；supply and demand analysis；countermeasure
从银行外部性角度谈银行保险的发展
孙健 刘铮
（对外经济贸易大学保险学院，北京 100029）
【摘要】本文尝试从银行外部性的视角分析银保合作的选择问题，依据科斯定理，借助数理过程，说明银行保险的产生是为解决银行外部性所进行的自由“协商”的结果。金融集团化是当下银行保险发展的最有利状态，建议放松分业限制，主要由市场机制决定银行保险未来发展趋势，并配合由管理者负责初始权利分配制度的设计。
【关键字】银行保险；外部性；交易成本
Discussion on Bancassurance Development from the Angle of Externality
Sun Jian，Liu Zheng
（School of Insurance of University of International Business and Economics，Beijing 100029）
Abstract：With business expansion and profit rise，China′s bancassurance receives more and more attention from banks and insurers.But the research on form choice of bankinsurance cooperation based on root causes of bancassurance is few.This paper attempted to analyze form choice of bankinsurance cooperation from the perspective of bank externality.According to the Coase Theorem and mathematical process，this paper indicated the emergence of bancassurance was the results of free“consultation”for solving the bank externality issue.This paper concluded that the financial holding structure was the most beneficial form for development of bancassurance in the current state，and recommended relaxation of separate operation regulation among the financial sector，and allowed the market mechanism to decide the future development trend of bancassurance.Accordingly，the design of initial allocation of rights system should be conducted by managing bodies.
Key words：bancassurance；externality；transaction cost
孙健在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
从A股滚动投资回报现状看我国寿险资金投资策略
张景奇
（重庆大学经济与工商管理学院，重庆 400044）
【摘要】对我国20年来A股滚动5年~15年的年均、月均回报率进行计算后发现其呈现以下特征：一是随着滚动时间的拉长，投资收益率的波动状况越来越平稳；二是当滚动投资期限拉长到15年[HTSS]（180月）[HTK]以上后，股票投资的收益率在所有滚动年份[HTSS]（月份）[HTK]均高于同期银行存款利率；三是无论采用何种滚动方式，股票投资平均收益率均远高于同期银行存款利率。结合我国A股历史滚动收益状况和寿险资金的特征，提出了寿险资金的大面积性、长期性、滚动性和周期性等四种投资策略。本文的研究结论对寿险投资、机构投资和政府监管具有重要的启示作用和现实意义。
【关键字】A股；滚动投资回报；寿险投资策略
The Life Insurance Investment Strategy based on the Ashare Rolling Investment Returns
Zhang Jing-qi
（College of Economic and Business Administration，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044）
Abstract：This paper calculated the monthly average and annual average rolling investment returns of the stock market of China over the 5~15 year periods.It found out that:The longer the rolling periods，the more stability of investment returns of overall A share market;When the rolling periods are longer than 10(180 months) years，the overall investment returns of A share market are always higher than the bank deposit rates over the same periods;The overall average rolling investment returns are always higher than the bank deposit rates regardless of the forms of rolling.Based on A share market′s historical rolling investment returns and the characteristics of life insurance funds，this paper offered several life insurance investment strategies as follows:the large number investment strategy，the longterm investment strategy，the rolling investment strategy and the cyclical investment strategy.This paper has important implications for investors and the government.
Key words：A shares；rolling investment returns；life insurance investment strategy
医疗保险理赔中的代位追偿问题研究—兼评《保险法》和《社会保险法》相关条款
李文中
（首都经济贸易大学保险系，北京 100070）
【摘要】《社会保险法》规定社会医疗保险理赔适用代位追偿原则，且适用情形比《保险法》的规定要宽泛。从防范道德风险的需要出发，我国的商业医疗保险也有必要在理赔中适用代位追偿原则。当医疗保险同其他保险发生竞合时，应该按照一定规则在各保险人之间确定主要赔偿责任和补充赔偿责任，如果医疗保险人承担的赔偿责任超过其应负责任，其可以向其他应负责保险人代位追偿。医疗保险机构的代位追偿权是被保险人行使选择权且保险人履行保险义务后的派生权利，不应该是保险人的选择权。不过，社会医疗保险需要对被保险人的选择权作适当限制。
【关键字】医疗保险；代位追偿；保险竞合；选择权
Research on the Subrogation Issue during Medical Insurance Settling
Li Wen-zhong
（Insurance department of Capital University of Economics and Business，Beijing 100070）
Abstract：“Social Insurance Law”states that the subrogation principle is applicable in social medical insurance settling，and more importantly，it is applicable to a wider scope than the subrogation clause in“Insurance Law”.In order to guard against the moral risk，the subrogation principle should also be applied in commercial medical insurance settlement.When the medical insurance is concurrent with other insurance，certain rules should be followed for all insurers to determine the main liability and the supplementary liability.If the medical insurers pay the indemnity beyond their liability，the claim rights to other insurers should be subrogated to them.The subrogation of medical insurer is a derivative right after the insured settles the claims and performs its insurance obligation，and it should not be the option of the insurer.However，it is necessary to restrict the insured′s option in social medical insurance.
Key words：medical insurance；subrogation； insurance concurrence； option
李文中在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
CFR贸易方式下的保险利益——从天安保险公司拒赔“萨那加”轮木材损失案谈起
医疗责任险费率影响因素及其程度的实证分析——以某市医疗责任险的经营情况为例
保险消费者保护：保险监管的定位与职能
焦扬
（中国人民大学财政金融学院，北京 100872）
【摘要】保险机制相对于一般金融机制具有显著特性，保险消费者保护的机制设计需要体现出其特有的规律。本文从保险机制特性出发，分析了保险消费者保护的制度根源及内涵，借鉴国际经验，从监管的角度对我国消费者保护制度机制建设提出了政策建议。
【关键字】保险消费者保护；保险监管；政策建议
Insurance Consumer Protection：Regulator′s Positioning and Functions
Jiao Yang
（The School of Finance of Renmin University of China，Beijing 100872）
Abstract：The insurance mechanism has remarkable unique properties relative to the general financial mechanism.The insurance consumer protection mechanism should be designed to reflect its own economic laws.This paper proceeded from the analysis of the characteristics of insurance mechanisms and the insurance consumer protection，introduced the international experiences，and put forward relevant policy recommendations for the construction of the consumer protection mechanism in China.
Key words：insurance consumer protection；insurance regulation；policy recommendation
在职人员的社会经济地位对退休期望的影响
钱锡红1，2 申曙光1，2
（1、中山大学岭南学院，广东 广州 510275；2、中山大学社会保障研究中心，广东 广州 510275）
【摘要】随着我国老龄化问题的逐渐显现，关于退休年龄的研究近年越来越受重视，但纵观以往的研究，大多是从宏观角度进行探讨，或者是利用已退休者的退休年龄进行事后分析，缺乏从微观角度去探讨影响个体期望退休年龄的实证研究。本研究通过理论分析并在南方五省收集4 971份有效问卷进行实证研究，结果表明：职位级别和期望退休年龄为正相关关系，即随着职位级别的提高，员工也期望相应延长退休年龄；人力资本和期望退休年龄之间不是简单的正相关关系，而是呈U型的曲线关系；经济收入和期望退休年龄之间也不是简单的正相关关系，而是呈倒U型关系。本研究结果对我国公共管理部门和企业界有重要指导意义。
【关键字】退休年龄；社会经济地位；人力资本；经济收入；职位级别
The Impact of Incumbents′ Socioeconomic Status on Expected Retirement Age
Qian Xi-hong 1，2，Shen Shu-guang 1，2
（1.Lingnan College，Sun Yatsen University，Guangzhou 510275； 2.Sun Yatsen University Social Security Research Center，Guangzhou 510275）
Abstract：As China′s population gradually ages，research on the retirement age catches increasing attention in recent years.Previous studies explored retirement age mostly from a macro point of view，or make expost analysis by means of data from the retired.Empirical research on factors impacting individual expected retirement age from a micro point of view is rare to find.This study made an empirical theoretical analysis on the basis of 4971 valid questionnaires from five southern provinces.The results showed that:the retirement age was positively correlated to position level，namely，the higher the position level the later employees expect to retire; the relationship between education and expected retirement age was not a simple linear form，but a Ushaped curve relationship; the relationship between income and expected retirement age was not a simple positive form either，but an inverted Ushaped relationship.The results have important implications for public administrations and business communities.
Key words： retirement age；socioeconomic status；education；income；position level
申曙光在《保险研究》上发表的其他文章：
社会医疗保险政策对医疗服务需求影响效应的实证研究—基于广东省云浮市参保群体的分析
城镇居民基本医疗保险参保决策中“搭便车动机”研究
房珊杉1 徐程1 刘国恩2 赵绍阳3
（1西南财经大学公共管理学院，四川 成都 610074； 2.北京大学光华管理学院，北京 100871； 3.四川大学经济学院，四川 成都 610065）
【摘要】利用国务院城镇居民基本医疗保险抽样调查数据，采用Logit模型考察家庭成员的城镇职工基本医疗保险状态对城镇居民基本医疗保险参保决策的影响，来验证城镇居民基本医疗保险参保决策中可能存在的“搭便车动机”。实证分析表明，家庭中城镇职工基本医疗保险的参保成员对其他无保险成员参加城镇居民医疗保险项目具有明显的抑制作用，并且这种抑制效应对身体健康、收入较低、男性群体影响较大。
【关键字】城镇职工基本医疗保险；城镇居民基本医疗保险；抑制作用；Logit模型
An Empirical Study of Freeriding Behavior in Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance
Fang Shan-shan1，Xu Cheng1，Liu Guo-en2，Zhao Shao-yang3
（1.The School of Public Administration of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics，Chengdu 610074； 2.Guanghua School of Management of Peking University，Beijing 100871； 3.School of Economics of Sichuan University，Chengdu 610065）
Abstract：This paper，based on the State Council′s sampling survey on Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance，tested freeriding behaviors of the uninsured individuals by examining the impact of Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) enrollment status of family members on other family members′ willingness to participate in Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) through applying the Logit model.It confirmed that there was a significant crowdout effect of UEBMI status on URBMI participation.The impact was greater among the male，the poorer and the healthier.
Key words：medical insurance；URBMI；UEBMI；crowd out；Logit model
不同类型公务员养老保险制度的比较研究——以英国、德国、新加坡为例
龙玉其
（首都师范大学管理学院，北京 100089）
【摘要】根据不同的标准，公务员养老保险制度可以分成不同的类型。根据公务员与其他群体养老保险制度的比较，公务员养老保险制度可以分为完全融合型、完全独立型、部分融合型三类。新加坡、德国、英国是这三类公务员养老保险制度的代表，其制度模式、运行机制、管理体制均有所不同。在公平性与效率性方面，三个国家的公务员养老保险制度各有优劣。三国公务员养老保险制度的比较分析，为中国公务员养老保险制度改革提供了启示：必须与我国国情相结合，必须注意公平与效率的结合，走向部分融合是改革的必然选择。
【关键字】公务员；养老；公平；效率；融合
Comparison of Different Types of Civil Servant Pension Systems
——A case study of the United Kingdom，Germany，Singapore
Long Yu-qi
（School of Management of Capital Normal University，Beijing 100089）
Abstract：Based on various criteria，civil servant pension systems can be divided into different types.Based on comparison between civil servant pension system and other population group′s pension system，the civil servant pension system can be divided into fully integration，complete separation and partial integration.Singapore，Germany and the United Kingdom are examples of these three types respectively，with their system model，operating mechanism and management systems being different with each other.In terms of the fairness and efficiency，the civil servant pension systems of these countries have their own advantages and disadvantages.The comparative analysis on the civil servant pension systems of these three countries provides the inspiration for the Chinese civil servant pension system reform:the system must be suitable with the condition of our country and equally address the issue of equity and efficiency.It seems that the inevitable choice of the reform is to move towards partial integration.
Key words：civil servants；pension；fairness；efficiency；integration